# 使用Helm ## helm search 我们使用search查看有没有redis可以直接安装到kubernetes ```shell $ helm search hub redis URL CHART VERSION APP VERSION DESCRIPTION https://artifacthub.io/packages/helm/choerodon/... 16.4.1 6.2.6 Redis(TM) is an open source, advanced key-value... https://artifacthub.io/packages/helm/wenerme/redis 16.8.5 6.2.6 Redis(TM) is an open source, advanced key-value... https://artifacthub.io/packages/helm/bitnami-ak... 16.8.9 6.2.7 Redis(TM) is an open source, advanced key-value... https://artifacthub.io/packages/helm/wener/redis 16.8.5 6.2.6 Redis(TM) is an open source, advanced key-value... https://artifacthub.io/packages/helm/pascaliske... 0.0.3 6.2.6 A Helm chart for Redis https://artifacthub.io/packages/helm/bitnami/redis 16.8.9 6.2.7 Redis(TM) is an open source, advanced key-value... ``` 查到了很多chart可以用来安装redis，来自不同的维护组织。 > * `helm search hub` 搜索的是 ，这个hub索引了几十个存储库的内容，所以能搜多非常多的chart {% hint style="info" %} helm search命令说明 {% endhint %} ```shell $ helm search Usage: helm search [command] Available Commands: hub search for charts in the Artifact Hub or your own hub instance repo search repositories for a keyword in charts ``` 也可以搜索自己本地管理的存储库，我们添加一个 ```bash # 添加bitnami，一个维护的比较好的扩展库 $ helm repo add bitnami https://charts.bitnami.com/bitnami "bitnami" has been added to your repositories $ helm repo list NAME URL bitnami https://charts.bitnami.com/bitnami ``` 使用repo再搜索一下redis ```bash $ helm search repo redis NAME CHART VERSION APP VERSION DESCRIPTION bitnami/redis 16.8.9 6.2.7 Redis(TM) is an open source, advanced key-value... bitnami/redis-cluster 7.5.2 6.2.7 Redis(TM) is an open source, scalable, distribu... ``` 使用repo也能查到redis，数量少一些。 > * `helm search repo` 搜索的是本地管理的repositories存储库，helm客户端会从这些库里搜索(添加方法 `helm repo add`). 这个搜索操作读区本地的缓存列表，有必要时可以更新一下`helm repo update` ## helm install 使用helm安装一下redis。 ```bash $ helm install myredis bitnami/redis NAME: myredis LAST DEPLOYED: Thu May 5 07:51:13 2022 NAMESPACE: default STATUS: deployed REVISION: 1 TEST SUITE: None NOTES: CHART NAME: redis CHART VERSION: 16.8.9 APP VERSION: 6.2.7 ** Please be patient while the chart is being deployed ** Redis™ can be accessed on the following DNS names from within your cluster: myredis-master.default.svc.cluster.local for read/write operations (port 6379) myredis-replicas.default.svc.cluster.local for read-only operations (port 6379) To get your password run: export REDIS_PASSWORD=$(kubectl get secret --namespace default myredis -o jsonpath="{.data.redis-password}" | base64 --decode) To connect to your Redis™ server: 1. Run a Redis™ pod that you can use as a client: kubectl run --namespace default redis-client --restart='Never' --env REDIS_PASSWORD=$REDIS_PASSWORD --image docker.io/bitnami/redis:6.2.7-debian-10-r0 --command -- sleep infinity Use the following command to attach to the pod: kubectl exec --tty -i redis-client \ --namespace default -- bash 2. Connect using the Redis™ CLI: REDISCLI_AUTH="$REDIS_PASSWORD" redis-cli -h myredis-master REDISCLI_AUTH="$REDIS_PASSWORD" redis-cli -h myredis-replicas To connect to your database from outside the cluster execute the following commands: kubectl port-forward --namespace default svc/myredis-master : & REDISCLI_AUTH="$REDIS_PASSWORD" redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p ``` 输出了许多信息，有兴趣可以多看几眼，不难理解。 {% hint style="info" %} 其中myredis是发版release的名字，指定不同的名字可以多次发版，他们互相不影响 {% endhint %} ```bash # list(ls) 列出使用helm管理的发版 $ helm ls NAME NAMESPACE REVISION UPDATED STATUS CHART APP VERSION myredis default 1 2022-05-05 07:51:13.977288731 +0000 UTC deployed redis-16.8.9 6.2.7 ``` ```bash # status 会打印安装后的状态，如同一开始install后输出的信息一样 $ helm status myredis NAME: myredis LAST DEPLOYED: Thu May 5 07:51:13 2022 NAMESPACE: default STATUS: deployed REVISION: 1 TEST SUITE: None NOTES: CHART NAME: redis CHART VERSION: 16.8.9 APP VERSION: 6.2.7 ``` 这样我们就安装了reids数据库（1个master3个replica） {% hint style="info" %} 此时可以关联到maxcloud bundle展示 {% endhint %} ## helm upgrade 当新版本的chart release时，或者当您想要更改release版的配置时，可以使用helm upgrade命令。 {% hint style="info" %} 升级需要现有版本并根据您提供的信息进行升级。 因为Kubernetes chart可能很大而且很复杂，所以Helm会尝试执行最不具有侵入性的升级。 它只会更新自上次发布以来发生更改的内容。 {% endhint %} 我们来做一下升级，只改动一个参数 ```yaml $ helm upgrade myredis bitnami/redis --set image.tag=6.2.6 ``` ```bash NAME: myredis LAST DEPLOYED: Thu May 5 08:16:16 2022 NAMESPACE: default STATUS: deployed REVISION: 2 TEST SUITE: None NOTES: CHART NAME: redis CHART VERSION: 16.8.9 APP VERSION: 6.2.7 ``` 观察helm的输出，REVISION变成了2，同时helm提供了查询values {% hint style="info" %} values：是指在install的时候指定的个性化参数，后文的定制化安装会在讲到 {% endhint %} ```bash # 查看在发版中我们覆盖的参数 $ helm get values myredis USER-SUPPLIED VALUES: image: tag: 6.2.6 ``` 好了，我们升级完成了！ ![](/files/9qD8a3agcrD7d0PN9soy) ## helm rollback 当我们需要回滚时，可以做rollback。回滚前，先看看发版的历史 ```bash $ helm history myredis REVISION UPDATED STATUS CHART APP VERSION DESCRIPTION 1 Thu May 5 07:51:13 2022 superseded redis-16.8.9 6.2.7 Install complete 2 Thu May 5 08:16:16 2022 deployed redis-16.8.9 6.2.7 Upgrade complete ``` {% hint style="info" %} helm history \ 可以查看发版的历史信息 {% endhint %} 有两个发版了，我们回滚到第一个版本 ```bash $ helm rollback myredis 1 1 ↵ Rollback was a success! Happy Helming! # 验证没有了指定values $ helm get values myredis USER-SUPPLIED VALUES: null ``` {% hint style="info" %} Usage: helm rollback \ \[REVISION] \[flags] 注意需要指定版本 {% endhint %} 这样我们完成了回滚！ ## helm uninstall 现在我们要卸载掉这个发版 ```bash $ helm uninstall myredis 1 ↵ release "myredis" uninstalled $ helm ls NAME NAMESPACE REVISION UPDATED STATUS CHART APP VERSION ``` 能看到已经完全卸载掉了！ ## helm repo 有时候我们想要用的chart没有在默认的repository存储库里，这个时候需要添加个性化的存储库. ### helm repo list 列出所有的存储库列表 ```bash $ helm repo list NAME URL bitnami https://charts.bitnami.com/bitnami ``` ### helm repo add 添加存储库 ```bash $ helm repo add bitnami https://charts.bitnami.com/bitnami ``` ### helm repo remove 删除存储库 ```bash $ helm repo remove bitnami "bitnami" has been removed from your repositories ``` ### helm repo update 更新本地缓存（metadata） ```bash $ helm repo update 1 ↵ Hang tight while we grab the latest from your chart repositories... ...Successfully got an update from the "bitnami" chart repository Update Complete. ⎈ Happy Helming!⎈ ``` ## 使用参数定制化安装helm install 前面有提到使用values机制可以给一些开源的chart修改参数，按照我们实际的环境安装这个chart。上面的myredis已经用过一次，这里再补充一下。 ```bash # 使用show values来查看都有哪些参数可以修改 $ helm show values bitnami/redis ... ... ## @section Redis™ Sentinel configuration parameters ## sentinel: ## @param sentinel.enabled Use Redis™ Sentinel on Redis™ pods. ## IMPORTANT: this will disable the master and replicas services and ## create a single Redis™ service exposing both the Redis and Sentinel ports ## enabled: false ## Bitnami Redis™ Sentinel image version ## ref: https://hub.docker.com/r/bitnami/redis-sentinel/tags/ ## @param sentinel.image.registry Redis™ Sentinel image registry ## @param sentinel.image.repository Redis™ Sentinel image repository ## @param sentinel.image.tag Redis™ Sentinel image tag (immutable tags are recommended) ## @param sentinel.image.pullPolicy Redis™ Sentinel image pull policy ## @param sentinel.image.pullSecrets Redis™ Sentinel image pull secrets ## @param sentinel.image.debug Enable image debug mode ## image: registry: docker.io repository: bitnami/redis-sentinel tag: 6.2.7-debian-10-r0 ... ... ``` 能看到非常多的参数，这时候可以采用myredis.yaml模式： ```bash # myredis.yaml image: tag: 6.2.6 ``` {% hint style="info" %} 覆盖参数myredis.yaml的操作留作练习 {% endhint %} --- # Agent Instructions: Querying This Documentation If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question. 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